Tartalomjegyzék
Hungarian Possessive
Examples
1st person singular
Van egy biciklim. – I have a bicycles. (There is my one bicycle.)
Nincs pénzem. – I have no money. (There is not my money.)
Van egy házam. – I have a house. (There is my house.)
Nincs barátom. I have no friend. (There is not my friend.)
Van két főnököm. – I have two bosses. (There is my two boss.)
2nd person singular
Van két biciklid. – You have two bicycles. (There is your two bicycle.)
Nincs házad. – You have no house. (There is not your two bicycle.)
Van sok pénzed. – You have a lot of money. (There is a lot of your money.)
Van sok barátod. – You have a lot of friends. (There is a lot of your friend.)
Van egy főnököd. – You have a boss. (There is your boss.)
3rd person singular
Van egy háza. – He/she/it has a house. (There is his/her/its one house.)
Nincs barátja. – He/she/it has no friends. (There is not his/her/its friend.)
Nincs szeme. – He/she/it has no eyes. (There is not his/her/its eye.)
Van biciklije. – He/she/it has a bicycle. (There is not his/her/its bicycle.)
1st person plural
Van három biciklink. – We have three bicycles. (There is our three bicycle.)
Van két házunk. – We have two houses. (There is our two house.)
Van két szemünk. – We have two eyes. (There is our two eye.)
2nd person plural
Van négy biciklitek. – You (plural) have four bicycles. (There is your (plural) four bicycle.)
Van két szemetek. – You (plural) have two eyes. (There is your (plural) two eye.)
Nincs autótok. – You (plural) have no car. (There is not your (plural) car.)
Van sok barátotok. – You (plural) have a lot of friends. (There is a lot of your (plural) friend.)
Van négy házatok. – You (plural) have four houses. (There is your (plural) four house.)
Nincs időtök. – You (plural) have no time. (There is not your (plural) time.)
Van két főnökötök. – You (plural) have two bosses. (There is your (plural) two boss.)
3rd person plural
Van három házuk. – They have three houses. (There is their three house.)
Van három autójuk. – They have three cars. (There is their three car.)
Van két szemük. – They have two eyes. (There is their two eye.)
Van két biciklijük. – They have two bicycles. (There is their two bicycle.)
Endings
Person | Stem ends in vowel | Stem ends in consonant |
---|---|---|
1st singular | -m | -am/-om/-em/-öm |
2nd singular | -d | -ad/-od/-ed/-öd |
3rd singular | -ja/-je | -a/-e |
1st plural | -nk | -unk/-ünk |
2nd plural | -tok/-tek/-tök | -atok/-otok/-etek/-ötök |
3rd plural | -juk/-jük | -uk/-ük |
Vowel harmony
There are two groups of vowels in Hungarian:
- back (low) vowels: a, á, o, ó, u, ú
- front (high) vowels: e, é, i, í, ö, ő, ü, ű
As a rule of the thumb, the vowels in the ending (including the linking vowels) depend on the last vowel of the stem as follows: a back vowel in the stem is followed by back vowels, and a front vowel is followed by front vowels.
(Actually, the unrounded front vowels – i and í, as well as é and e – are neutral or transparent. This means that if there are transparent vowels at the end of the stem, they won’t influence the following vowels, and the last non-transparent vowel determines the ending instead. In other words, the ending will mostly have a back vowel after netural vowels.)
This phenomenon is called vowel harmony, and it is true for almost all endings in Hungarian. Vowel harmony is present in some other languages: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vowel_harmony